The Samyutta Nikaya
The Grouped Discourses
Samyutta Nikaya XII.2
Paticca-samuppada-vibhanga
Sutta
Analysis of Dependent
Co-arising
Translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu
Dwelling at Savatthi...
"Monks, I will describe & analyze dependent
co-arising for you.
"And what is dependent co-arising?
From ignorance as a requisite condition come fabrications.
From fabrications as a requisite condition comes consciousness.
From consciousness as a requisite condition comes name-&-form.
From name-&-form as a requisite condition come the six sense media.
From the six sense media as a requisite condition comes contact.
From contact as a requisite condition comes feeling.
From feeling as a requisite condition comes craving.
From craving as a requisite condition comes clinging/sustenance.
From clinging/sustenance as a requisite condition comes becoming.
From becoming as a requisite condition comes birth.
From birth as a requisite condition, then aging & death, sorrow,
lamentation, pain, distress, & despair come into play. Such is the
origination of this entire mass of stress & suffering.
"Now what is aging and death?
Whatever aging, decrepitude, brokenness, graying, wrinkling, decline of
life-force, weakening of the faculties of the various beings in this or
that group of beings, that is called aging. Whatever deceasing, passing
away, breaking up, disappearance, dying, death, completion of time, break
up of the aggregates, casting off of the body, interruption in the life
faculty of the various beings in this or that group of beings, that is
called death.
"And what is birth? Whatever
birth, taking birth, descent, coming-to-be, coming-forth, appearance of
aggregates, & acquisition of [sense] media of the various beings in
this or that group of beings, that is called birth.
"And what is becoming? These
three are becomings: sensual becoming, form becoming, & formless
becoming. This is called becoming.
"And what is clinging/sustenance? These
four are clingings: sensuality clinging, view clinging, precept &
practice clinging, and doctrine of self clinging. This is called clinging.
"And what is craving? These
six are classes of craving: craving for forms, craving for sounds,
craving for smells, craving for tastes, craving for tactile sensations,
craving for ideas. This is called craving.
"And what is feeling? These
six are classes of feeling: feeling born from eye-contact, feeling
born from ear-contact, feeling born from nose-contact, feeling born from
tongue-contact, feeling born from body-contact, feeling born from
intellect-contact. This is called feeling.
"And what is contact? These
six are classes of contact: eye-contact, ear-contact, nose-contact,
tongue-contact, body-contact, intellect-contact. This is called contact.
"And what are the six sense media? These
six are sense media: the eye-medium, the ear-medium, the nose-medium,
the tongue-medium, the body-medium, the intellect-medium. These are called
the six sense media.
"And what is name-&-form? Feeling, perception,
intention, contact, & attention: This is called name. The four great
elements, and the form dependent on the four great elements: This is
called form. This name & this form are called name-&-form.
"And what is consciousness? These
six are classes of consciousness: eye-consciousness,
ear-consciousness, nose-consciousness, tongue-consciousness,
body-consciousness, intellect-consciousness. This is called consciousness.
"And what are fabrications? These
three are fabrications: bodily fabrications, verbal fabrications,
mental fabrications. These are called fabrications.
"And what is ignorance? Not knowing stress, not
knowing the origination of stress, not knowing the cessation of stress,
not knowing the way of practice leading to the cessation of stress: This
is called ignorance.
"Now from the remainderless fading & cessation
of that very ignorance comes the cessation of fabrications. From the
cessation of fabrications comes the cessation of consciousness. From the
cessation of consciousness comes the cessation of name-&-form. From
the cessation of name-&-form comes the cessation of the six sense
media. From the cessation of the six sense media comes the cessation of
contact. From the cessation of contact comes the cessation of feeling.
From the cessation of feeling comes the cessation of craving. From the
cessation of craving comes the cessation of clinging/ sustenance. From the
cessation of clinging/sustenance comes the cessation of becoming. From the
cessation of becoming comes the cessation of birth. From the cessation of
birth, then aging & death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, distress, &
despair all cease. Such is the cessation of this entire mass of stress
& suffering."
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