THE SUTRA ON
PRAISE OF THE PURE LAND
AND PROTECTION BY BUDDHAS
translated on
Imperial order
by Tripitaka Master Hsuan-tsang of Great T'ang Dynasty
translated from Chinese by Hisao Inagaki
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[1] Thus have I heard. At one time the
Bhagavat was staying in Jeta Grove monastery in Anathapindada's Garden at Shravasti,
together with a large company of twelve hundred and fifty monks, who were all venerable
shravakas and well-known great arhats. They were headed by eminent shravakas, such as the
Venerable Shariputra, Mahamaudgalyayana, Mahakashyapa and Aniruddha. He was also
accompanied by innumerable bodhisattvas, mahasattvas, who were all dwelling in the Stage
of Non-retrogression and were adorned with immeasurable merits and virtues, headed by
great bodhisattvas, such as Bodhisattva Manjushri, Bodhisattva Ajita, Bodhisattva
Nityodyukta and Bodhisattva Anikshipta-dhura. Also in the assembly were a hundred thousand
kotis of nayutas [of devas] headed by Shakra along with the King of Mahabrahma Heaven, the
Lord of Saha world, as well as the Four Guardian Kings and others. Many demi-gods,
innumerable heavenly and human beings, asuras and others assembled and took their seats to
hear the Dharma.
[2] The Bhagavat said to Shariputra:
"Do you know that if you travel westwards from here, passing a hundred thousand kotis
of nayutas of Buddha-lands, you come to the land called 'Utmost Bliss,' where there is a
Bhagavat named 'Amitayus' or 'Amitabha' with ten titles, including Tathagata, Arhat and
Samyaksambuddha. He is living there at this very moment, teaching the profound and
wonderful Dharma to sentient beings to give them supreme benefit and bliss.
[3] "Why, Shariputra, is that land
called 'Utmost Bliss'? Shariputra, beings in that land suffer no afflictions and pain but
experience only pure immeasurable joy and happiness. For this reason, that land is called
'Utmost Bliss.'
"Again, Shariputra, in the pure
Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss there are seven rows of jewelled balustrades, seven rows of
jewelled tala-trees, and sevenfold jewelled nets, which surround everywhere and are
completely decorated with four jewels, namely, gold, silver, beryl and crystal.
Shariputra, that Buddha-land is full of such glorious adornments of supreme qualities,
which are most pleasing to the mind. For this reason, that land is called 'Utmost Bliss.'
"Again, Shariputra, in the pure
Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss here and there are many seven-jewelled ponds filled with water
of eight excellent qualities, namely, (1) pure, (2) cool, (3) sweet-tasting, (4) soft, (5)
moistening, (6) comforting, (7) quenching thirst, hunger and many other needs, and (8)
nourishing the senses, increasing the activites of the four elements and producing
superior goodness. Sentient beings with a large stock of merits always enjoy using such
water. The bottom of these ponds is lined with gold sand, and from the four sides of each
pond rise stairs made of the four jewels, most pleasing to the mind. Marvellous jewelled
trees surrounding the ponds are evenly spaced, scented with rich fragrance and decorated
with the seven delightful jewels, namely, gold, silver, beryl, crystal, rosy pearls,
cornelian and sapphire.
"In the ponds, at all times, lotuses
of various colours as large as chariot-wheels are in bloom. Blue flowers radiate blue
light, brilliance and splendor; yellow ones radiate yellow light, brilliance and splendor;
red ones radiate red light, brilliance and splendour; white ones radiate white light,
brilliance and splendor; four-coloured ones radiate four-coloured light, brilliance and
splendor. Shariputra, that Buddha-land is full of such glorious adornments of supreme
qualities, which are most pleasing to the mind. For this reason, that land is called
'Utmost Bliss.'
"Again, Shariputra, in that pure
Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss limitless exquisite music is spontaneously played at all
times. The sound is harmonious and most pleasant to hear. When sentient beings hear its
excellent sound, their evil passions are completely removed, numerous good acts multiply,
and they soon attain the highest perfect Enlightenment. Shariputra, that Buddha-land is
full of such glorious adornments of supreme qualities, which are most pleasing to the
mind. For this reason, that land is called 'Utmost Bliss.'
"Again, Shariputra, the ground
throughout that pure Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss is of true gold. It is soft to the touch
and refreshing, shining boundlessly and adorned with rare jewels. Shariputra, that
Buddha-land is full of such glorious adornments of supreme qualities, which are most
pleasing to the mind. For this reason, that land is called 'Utmost Bliss.'
"Again, Shariputra, in that pure
Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss, six times during the day and night, various heavenly blossoms
of rare beauty continuously rain down from the sky. They are brilliant and refreshing,
soft and variegated, pleasing to the mind and the senses. They do not rouse greedy
attachment, but increase countless inconceivable merits in sentient beings. Six times
during the day and night, the beings in that land offer those blossoms to Amitayus in
homage. Every morning they take those heavenly blossoms and, in such a short time it takes
for a meal, fly to innumerable other lands to pay homage to a hundred, thousand kotis of
Buddhas. They offer to each Buddha a hundred thousand kotis of such blossoms and return
home to the Pure Land, as if to enjoy leisure in a heavenly abode. Shariputra, that
Buddha-land is full of such glorious adornments of supreme qualities, which are most
pleasing to the mind. For this reason, that land is called 'Utmost Bliss.'
"Again, Shariputra, in that pure
Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss there are always many rare species of beautiful birds of
various colours, such as swams, geese, herons, storks, cranes, peacocks, parrots,
kalavinkas and jivamjivakas. Six times during the day and night, those birds form a flock
and sing with melodious and delicate tones, producing diverse sounds to proclaim numerous
wonderful teachings, such as the [four] mindful acts, the [four] ways of stopping evils,
the [four] miraculous powers, the [five] roots of goodness, the [five] powers, the [seven]
factors of wisdom, and the [Eightfold] Noble Path. Having heard their singing, the
sentient beings in that land gain innumerable merits through mindfulness of the Buddha,
Dharma and Sangha, and their bodies long retain the perfume of virtue. Shariputra, do you
think that the birds in that land belong to the evil realm of animals? Do not hold such a
view! The reason is that none of the three evil realms, not even their names, exist in
that Buddha's Pure Land; how much less should there be real birds belonging to the realm
of animals born as retribution for evil karma? You should know that they are
manifestations created by Amitayus so that they can proclaim innumerable sounds of the
Dharma to give benefit and bliss to sentient beings. Shariputra, that Buddha-land is full
of such wonderful glorious adornments, which are most pleasing to the mind. For this
reason, that land is called 'Utmost Bliss.'
"Again, Shariputra, in that pure
Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss soft breezes always blow. When they waft through the jewelled
trees and jewelled nets, wonderful sounds are produced. As if a hundred thousand kotis of
celestial musical instruments were playing together to produce exquisite sounds, when soft
breezes which constantly arise in that land waft through the jewelled trees and jewelled
nets, they produce various excellent sounds, which proclaim many teachings of the Dharma.
Having heard those sounds, sentient beings in that land give rise to numerous meritorious
acts, such as mindfulness of the Buddha, Dharma and Sangha. Shariputra, that Buddha-land
is full of such glorious adornments of supreme qualities, which are most pleasing to the
mind. For this reason, that land is called 'Utmost Bliss.'
"Shariputra, in that pure Buddha-land
of Utmost Bliss there are wonderful manifestations such as those, which are innumerable
and inconceivable. Even if a hundred thousand kotis of nayutas of innumerable tongues
should praise their excellent qualities for a hundred thousand kotis of nayutas of kalpas,
each tongue producing immeasurable voices, they would not be able to praise them to the
full. For this reason, [that land] is called the Land of Utmost Bliss.
[4] "Again, Shariputra, why is the
Buddha of the pure Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss called 'Amitayus'? Because, Shariputra, the
life-span of that Tathagata and all beings living there last for immeasurable and
innumerable great kalpas, the Tathagata of that land is called 'Amitayus.' Shariputra, why
is the Buddha also called 'Amitabha'? Shariputra, the Tathagata always emits boundless and
innumerable rays of glorious light, illuminating all the Buddha-lands of the ten
directions without hindrance, so as to display Buddhist activities. For this reason, the
Tathagata of that land is called 'Amitabha.' Shariputra, the Pure Land of that Buddha is
full of such glorious adornments, which are most pleasing to the mind. For this reason,
that land is called 'Utmost Bliss.'
"Again, Shariputra, the Buddha
Amitayus of that pure Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss always has shravaka disciples, all of
them arhats, who are possessed of various excellent merits and whose number is unlimited
and incalculable. Shariputra, the Pure Land of that Buddha is full of such glorious
adornments, which are most pleasing to the mind. For this reason, that land is called
'Utmost Bliss.'
"Again, Shariputra, the Buddha
Amitayus of that pure Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss always has innumerable bodhisattva
disciples, all of them in the Stage of Becoming a Buddha after One More Life. They are
possessed of various excellent merits, and their number is unlimited and incalculable.
Even if one praised their merits for innumerable kalpas, one would not be able to praise
them fully. Shariputra, that Buddha-land is filled with such glorious adornments, which
are most pleasing to the mind. For this reason, that land is called 'Utmost Bliss.'
[5] "Again, Shariputra, sentient
beings born in that land all dwell in the Stage of Non-retrogression, and will not fall
again into an evil realm, be born in a border-land or in the state of debased people or
mlecchas. They always enjoy visiting pure lands of other Buddhas. With their excellent
vows and practice advancing and developing every moment, they will unfailingly realize the
highest, perfect Enlightenment. Shariputra, that Buddha-land is full of such glorious
merits, which are most pleasing to the mind. For this reason, that land is called 'Utmost
Bliss.'
"Again, Shariputra, if sentient
beings hear of the glorious manifestations of countless merits in that pure Buddha-land of
Amitayus, they should all awaken aspiration to be born there. The reasons are: first,
those born there will meet those Great Beings adorned with such countless merits as
mentioned above; second, they will enjoy the pleasure of the Mahayana Dharma intrinsic to
this pure Buddha-land adorned with such innumerable merits; and third, with their own
immeasurable vows and practice advancing and developing every moment, they will quickly
realize the highest perfect Enlightenment. Shariputra, those who are to be born in that
Buddha-land do not have few but already countless and unlimited merits, so such sentient
beings can attain birth in the pure Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss of the Buddha Amitayus.
"Again, Shariputra, if good men or
women of pure faith, having heard Amitayus Buddha's name of innumerable, boundless and
inconceivable merits and also heard of the glorious adornments of the Land of Utmost
Bliss, concentrate their thoughts on them with undistracted mind even for one day, two
days, three, four, five, six or seven days, then, at the hour of death, Amitayus,
surrounded by innumerable shravaka disciples and bodhisattvas, will appear before those
good men or women and give them compassionate protection to keep their minds from falling
into confusion. Thus, after death, following the Buddha Amitayus and his retinue, they
will be born in his Pure Land of Utmost Bliss.
"Shariputra, as I perceive that such
blissful benefits are matters of great importance, I pronounce these words of truth: Good
men and good women of pure faith who hear Amitayus Buddha's name of inconceivable merits
and also learn of the pure Buddha-land of Utmost Bliss should all receive [the teaching]
in faith, arouse aspiration, practise the method as prescribed, and attain birth in that
Buddha-land.
[6] "Shariputra, just as I praise the
innumerable, unlimited and inconceivable merits of the Buddha-land of Amitayus, so do the
Buddhas of the eastern direction as numerous as the sands of the Ganges, such as Aksobhya
Tathagata, Meru-dhvaja Tathagata, Mahameru Tathagata, Meru-prabhasa Tathagata, and
Manju-dhvaja Tathagata. While dwelling in their own pure lands of the east, they extend
their long, broad tongues and, encompassing with them the universe of a thousand million
worlds, pronounce these words of truth: Sentient beings should all receive in faith this
gate of the Dharma concerning praise of the inconceivable merits of the Buddha-land and
protection by all Buddhas.
[7] "Again, Shariputra, there are in
the southern direction Buddhas as numerous as the sands of the Ganges, such as
Candra-surya-pradipa Tathagata, Yashah-prabha Tathagata, Maharci-skandha Tathagata,
Meru-pradipa Tathagata and Ananta-virya Tathagata. While dwelling in their own pure lands
of the south, they extend their long, broad tongues and, encompassing with them the
universe of a thousand million worlds, pronounce these words of truth: Sentient beings
should all receive in faith this gate of the Dharma concerning praise of the inconceivable
merits of the Buddha-land and protection by all Buddhas.
[8] "Again, Shariputra, there are in
the western direction Buddhas as numerous as the sands of the Ganges, such as Amitayus
Tathagata, Amita-skandha Tathagata, Amita-prabha Tathagata, Amita-dhvaja Tathagata,
Maheshvara Tathagata, Mahaprabha Tathagata, Jvalana Tathagata, Maharatna-ketu Tathagata
and Sphuta-rashmi Tathagata. While dwelling in their own pure lands of the west, they
extend their long, broad tongues and, encompassing with them the universe of a thousand
million worlds, pronounce these words of truth: Sentient beings should all receive in
faith this gate of the Dharma concerning praise of the inconceivable merits of the
Buddha-land and protection by all Buddhas.
[9] "Again, Shariputra, there are in
the northern direction Buddhas as numerous as the sands of the Ganges, such as
Amita-prabha-vyuha-abhijna- buddhi Tathagata, Mahaskandha Tathagata,
Amita-divya-dundubhi-vaishvanara- nirghosa Tathagata, Jaleni-prabha Tathagata and
Salendra-raja Tathagata. While dwelling in their own pure lands of the north, they extend
their long, broad tongues and, encompassing with them the universe of a thousand million
worlds, pronounce these words of truth: Sentient beings should all receive in faith this
gate of the Dharma concerning praise of the inconceivable merits of the Buddha-land and
protection by all Buddhas.
[10] "Again, Shariputra, there are in
the nadir Buddhas as numerous as the sands of the Ganges, such as
Sarva-saddharma-darshana-yukti-sada-jvalana- rajottama-shri-prabha Tathagata, Simha
Tathagata, Yashas Tathagata, Yashah-prabhasa Tathagata, Dharma Tathagata, Saddharma
Tathagata, Dharma-dhvaja Tathagata, Guna-mitra Tathagata and Guna-nama Tathagata. While
dwelling in their own pure lands of the nadir, they extend their long, broad tongues and,
encompassing with them the universe of a thousand million worlds, pronounce these words of
truth: Sentient beings should all receive in faith this Dharma-gate expounding praise of
the inconceivable merits of the Buddha-land and protection by all Buddhas.
[11] "Again, Shariputra, there are in
the zenith Buddhas as numerous as the sands of the Ganges, such as Brahma-ghosa Tathagata,
Naksatra-raja Tathagata, Gandha-prabhasa Tathagata, Utpala-shri-kalpa Tathagata and
Sarvartha-darsha Tathagata. While dwelling in their own pure lands of the zenith, they
extend their long, broad tongues and, encompassing with them the universe of a thousand
million worlds, pronounce these words of truth: Sentient beings should all receive in
faith this gate of the Dharma concerning praise of the inconceivable merits of the
Buddha-land and protection by all Buddhas.
[12] "Again, Shariputra, there are in
the south-eastern direction Buddhas as numerous as the sands of the Ganges, such as
Uttama-vipula-megha-ghosa-raja Tathagata. While dwelling in their own pure lands of the
south-east, they extend their long, broad tongues and, encompassing with them the universe
of a thousand million worlds, pronounce these words of truth: Sentient beings should all
receive in faith this gate of the Dharma concerning praise of the inconceivable merits of
the Buddha-land and protection by all Buddhas.
[13] "Again, Shariputra, there are in
the south-western direction Buddhas as numerous as the sands of the Ganges, such as
Uttama-surya-prabha-yasho-guna Tathagata. While dwelling in their own pure lands of the
south-west, they extend their long, broad tongues and, encompassing with them the universe
of a thousand million worlds, pronounce these words of truth: Sentient beings should all
receive in faith this gate of the Dharma concerning praise of the inconceivable merits of
the Buddha-land and protection by all Buddhas.
[14] "Again, Shariputra, there are in
the north-western direction Buddhas as numerous as the sands of the Ganges, such as
Amita-guna-jvalanadhipati- prabhasa Tathagata. While dwelling in their own pure lands of
the north-west, they extend their long, broad tongues and, encompassing with them the
universe of a thousand million worlds, pronounce these words of truth: Sentient beings
should all receive in faith this gate of the Dharma concerning praise of the inconceivable
merits of the Buddha-land and protection by all Buddhas.
[15] "Again, Shariputra, there are in
the north-eastern direction Buddhas as numerous as the sands of the Ganges, such as
Asamkhya-shata-sahasra-koti- nayuta-vipula-buddhi Tathagata. While dwelling in their own
pure lands of the north-east, they extend their long, broad tongues and, encompassing with
them the universe of a thousand million worlds, pronounce these words of truth: Sentient
beings should all receive in faith this gate of the Dharma concerning praise of the
inconceivable merits of the Buddha-land and protection by all Buddhas.
[16] "Shariputra, why is this sutra
named 'the Dharma-gate expounding praise of the inconceivable merits of the Buddha-land
and protection by all Buddhas? Shariputra, it is revealed in this sutra that the
inconceivable merits of Amitayus Buddha's Land of Utmost Bliss are praised and glorified
and that all Buddhas, Bhagavats, of the ten directions, while dwelling in their own lands,
display glorious and wonderful manifestations and pronounce words of truth, urging
sentient beings to receive this teaching in faith, in order to guide and benefit them and
give them peace and bliss. For this reason, this sutra is called 'the gate of the Dharma
concerning praise of the inconceivable merits of the Buddha-land and protection by all
Buddhas.'
"Shariputra, if good men or women,
who have heard this sutra, now hear or will hear it, have already awakened or will awaken
deep faith, they are embraced by those Buddhas, Bhagavats, dwelling in the ten directions,
as numerous as ten times the number of the sands of the Ganges. All who practise as
prescribed will not regress but will definitely attain the highest perfect Enlightenment
and be born in the Pure Land of Utmost Bliss of Amitayus. For this reason, Shariputra, all
sentient beings should receive in faith and understand well my words and the words of the
Buddhas, Bhagavats, of the ten directions, and should make great efforts and diligently
practise as prescribed. Do not allow any doubt to arise.
"Again, Shariputra, if good men or
women have already aspired or will aspire or now aspire to the glorious adornments in the
Pure Land of Utmost Bliss of Amitayus, they will be definitely embraced by those Buddhas,
Bhagavats, dwelling in the ten directions, as numerous as the sands of the Ganges, even
ten times that number. All who practise as prescribed will not regress but will definitely
attain the highest perfect Enlightenment and be born in the Pure Land of Utmost Bliss of
Amitayus. For this reason, Shariputra, good men and women of pure faith should all believe
deeply in Amitayus Buddha's Pure Land of Utmost Bliss and aspire to be born there. Do not
be indolent.
[17] "Shariputra, just as I now
praise and glorify the inconceivable merits of Amitayus Buddha's Land of Utmost Bliss, all
other Buddhas, Bhagavats, of the ten directions likewise praise my boundless inconceivable
merits, saying: 'How marvellous it is that Shakyamuni, Shakya Dharma-King, Tathagata,
Arthat, Samyaksambuddha, Possessed of Wisdom and Practice, Sugata, Knower of the World,
the Unsurpassed, Tamer of Men, Teacher of Gods and Humans, Buddha and Bhagavat, has
appeared in this Saha world during the period of the five corruptions: namely, those of
time, sentient beings, passions, views and life-span, and that, having attained the
highest perfect Enlightenment, delivered this teaching, most difficult for the world to
accept, in order to guide and benefit sentient beings and give them peace and bliss.'
"Thus, Shariputra, you should know
that I have appeared in this Saha world of various defilements during the period of the
five corruptions and, having attained the highest perfect Enlightenment, delivered this
teaching, most difficult for the world to accept, in order to guide and benefit sentient
beings and give them peace and bliss. This is indeed a rare and marvellous task, which is
beyond comprehension. "If, Shariputra, there are good men or women of pure faith who,
having heard this teaching, most difficult for the world to accept, receive it in faith,
uphold and expound it to others, and practise it as prescribed, you should know that such
people are extremely rare. In the past they have planted roots of goodness in the presence
of innumerable Buddhas. After death they will surely be born in the Western Land of Utmost
Bliss, where they will enjoy various glorious adornments and the pleasure of Mahayana
Dharma embodied in the Buddha's Pure Land. They can approach Amitayus Buddha and make
offerings to him six times during the day and night. They can also fly to [the lands in]
the ten directions to make offerings to Buddhas, where they will hear the Dharma taught by
them and will receive assurances of their attainment of Buddhahood. Thus they will be able
to perfect quickly the merits and wisdom and realize the highest perfect
Enlightenment."
[18] When the Bhavagat had delivered this
sutra, all the great shravakas, such as the Venerable Shariputra, and bodhisattvas,
mahasattvas, together with all beings, including innumerable devas, humans and asuras,
greatly rejoiced at the Buddha's exposition and received it in faith.
---o0o---
Update: 01-12-2001
